The Prime Minister remembered and saluted Lachit Borphukan’s valor on Lachit Diwas.
Introduction
History is often shaped by individuals whose courage and vision change the destiny of nations. One such figure is Lachit Borphukan, the legendary general of the Ahom Kingdom in Assam. Best remembered for his decisive victory against the Mughal Empire in the Battle of Saraighat (1671), Lachit’s story is one of patriotism, resilience, and leadership. His legacy continues to inspire generations, making him not just a regional hero but a national icon.
Early Life and Background
Lachit Borphukan was born on 24 November 1622 into a prominent Ahom family. His father, Momai Tamuli Borbarua, was a senior official in the Ahom administration, responsible for organizing the kingdom’s military and civil affairs. Growing up in this environment, Lachit was exposed to discipline, governance, and the importance of protecting one’s land.
From a young age, he was trained in martial skills, administration, and strategy. These qualities prepared him for the challenges he would later face as a commander of the Ahom army. His upbringing instilled in him a deep sense of loyalty to his land and people, values that defined his leadership style.
Rise as a Military Leader
The Ahom Kingdom, located in present‑day Assam, had long resisted external invasions. By the mid‑17th century, the Mughal Empire sought to expand its influence into Assam, threatening the sovereignty of the Ahoms. Lachit rose to prominence during this turbulent period.
Appointed as Borphukan (General), he quickly earned respect for his discipline, tactical brilliance, and ability to inspire soldiers. Unlike many commanders who relied solely on brute force, Lachit combined strategy with local knowledge, using Assam’s rivers, forests, and terrain to his advantage.
The Battle of Saraighat (1671)
The defining moment of Lachit’s career came in 1671, when the Mughal army under Ram Singh I advanced to conquer Assam. The Mughals were vastly superior in numbers and resources, but Lachit turned the Brahmaputra River into a fortress.
- Naval Strategy: Lachit understood that the river was Assam’s lifeline. He deployed boats, guerrilla tactics, and river defenses to counter the Mughal fleet.
- Leadership in Adversity: Despite being gravely ill, Lachit refused to abandon his troops. His rallying cry, “Joi Aai Axom” (Victory to Mother Assam), motivated soldiers to fight with unmatched courage.
- Outcome: The Ahoms inflicted a crushing defeat on the Mughals, forcing them to retreat. This victory preserved Assam’s independence and remains one of the most remarkable examples of indigenous resistance in Indian history.
The Battle of Saraighat was not just a military triumph; it was a symbol of unity, resilience, and the determination of a smaller kingdom to resist a powerful empire.
Leadership Qualities
Lachit Borphukan’s greatness lay not only in his military skills but also in his values:
- Patriotism: He placed the interests of Assam above personal gain.
- Discipline: He famously punished even his own uncle for negligence in building defenses, showing that accountability was non‑negotiable.
- Strategic Vision: His use of terrain and river warfare demonstrated innovative thinking.
- Inspiration: His ability to lead despite illness showed unmatched dedication.
These qualities make him a timeless example of leadership that transcends centuries.
Legacy and Remembrance
Lachit Borphukan passed away on 25 April 1672, shortly after his greatest victory. His burial site, Lachit Maidan in Jorhat, Assam, is a place of reverence. Every year, Assam celebrates Lachit Divas on 24 November, honoring his birth anniversary and contributions.
His sword (hengdang) is preserved at Auniati Satra, symbolizing Assamese courage. In modern times, leaders across India have hailed him as a national hero. The National Defence Academy (NDA) in Pune awards the Lachit Borphukan Gold Medal to the best cadet, ensuring his legacy inspires future generations of soldiers.
Conclusion
Lachit Borphukan’s life is a shining example of how courage, discipline, and patriotism can change the course of history. His victory at Saraighat was not just about defending Assam but about safeguarding India’s sovereignty against one of the strongest empires of the time. More than three centuries later, his story continues to resonate, reminding us that true leadership lies in sacrifice and service to the nation.
As India moves forward in the 21st century, Lachit’s legacy serves as a guiding light — a reminder that the spirit of resilience and unity can overcome even the greatest challenges